‘Russia has peacefully coexisted with Europe since Peter the Great’

YL: Do you think your candidacy in the presidential election will be accepted?

BN: I announced that I was going to run at the very CEC meeting where they disqualified me from running for governor of the Moscow region. I told them: “If you won’t let me run for governor, I’ll run for president.” Everyone told me I was just messing about and that they wouldn’t let me run. I’d already written a manifesto that outlined my categoric opposition to Putin’s politics and advocated ending the “special military operation.” I was told that no party would nominate me with a platform like that — they’d all be too scared.

Every step of the way, I was told I wouldn’t succeed. Nobody believed we would reach this stage, that people across the country would be queueing up to support my nomination. Nobody believed we would raise the necessary money to open offices, and now everyone is saying that I won’t be registered.

I don’t see how I can’t be registered. They may nitpick over some formalities, but the whole country has seen the crowds of people standing in the cold to support me.

YL: Who is bankrolling your campaign?

BN: My campaign is the first in Russian history not to rely on government funds. … There’s never been a presidential campaign that was funded by tens of thousands of Russians rather than by the state or oligarchs. People are donating every day. It’s all entirely within the law, in accordance with CEC guidelines. We’ve already collected over 30 million rubles [€305,000] for this election. It’s just incredible!

YL: What’s your platform?

BN: To make Russia peaceful and free. To make people in Russia stop being afraid to speak out against the authorities or to say anything negative about the country, to make them unafraid to call for peace and to ensure they’re not arrested for doing so. Under Putin, the state’s priorities are military- and police-focused. There’s huge spending on defence and the police — almost 11 trillion rubles [€112 billion] this year. People have small pensions and low salaries, and spending on education and healthcare is low. These need to be increased. Our priorities should be different.

YL: Many of your supporters see you as the candidate who’ll end the “special military operation.” How exactly do you plan to do that?

BN: First, I’ll publicly propose to the Ukrainian leadership and the coalition that supports Ukraine that an immediate ceasefire is declared and that peace talks begin. Second, I’ll end mobilisation in Russia. The peace talks will be a long and difficult process, so I’ll devote my first term in office to them, though that will be four years rather than six, of course. Russia’s problems began when Putin abolished the two-term presidential limit and raised the term to six years.

YL: What terms do you propose peace on?

BN: Right now, Putin’s Russia believes it can win militarily. And Zelensky’s Ukraine believes it can retake Crimea militarily. Both are absolutely impossible. You can see for yourself that the frontline has hardly changed over the past year.

Negotiations will be tough, and there are many questions. Who will rebuild everything? Where should an internationally recognised border be?

YL: Should the border be where the frontline is now?

BN: The border should be where we agree it to be … and in full accordance with Russia’s Constitution. The most important thing is where the people who live in these areas, or used to, want to live. … My personal opinion about Crimea and Kherson isn’t that important. What matters is the opinion of those who live there. It’s a long story. Decades will have to pass. And it will take more than just the efforts of the president of Russia.

We’re not as awful as we’re being depicted now … overall Russia has peacefully coexisted with Europe since Peter the Great. Sure, there were conflicts. But who hasn’t had those?

YL: Who does Crimea belong to?

BN: Crimea belongs to the Crimeans. Ask the people who live there and they’ll tell you who Crimea belongs to.

YL: Some say the Kremlin needs you to legitimise the elections. What do you think of that?

BN: I’m completely independent. I think I just tapped into something the public wanted. In my manifesto, I wrote that I oppose Putin’s politics, that I support a peaceful and free Russia and an end to the war. For me, the worst part is that Putin has dragged the country back into the same rut we were trying to escape all these years. The rut of militarisation, authoritarianism, and isolation was fatal for the Russian Empire, and Putin has dragged Russia back there. I’ve been saying that from the start. No politician approved by the Kremlin could say things like that. I tapped into a demand, I felt that energy, and it responded.

YL: Over 100,000 people have now signed up to support your candidacy. Aren’t you afraid the authorities will come after them?

BN: Those people haven’t broken any laws. We know that in this situation, they could come up with all sorts of things, but I can’t imagine that they will in this case. Moreover, the Russian Constitution states that elections are free … I don’t see any reasonable way, even in an authoritarian regime, to start punishing people for activities provided for by legislation.

YL: Many people say that the fact you got so many signatures of support will demonstrate to the elites that not everyone supports Putin, thereby increasing the chance of change. How would you respond to that theory?

BN: Most of these Russian officials dream of a return to normal life and an end to this nightmare … if you were to offer them the chance to wave a magic wand and return to 2021, they would all take it.

YL: The most important thing for you is a ceasefire within the current borders, then negotiations, the release of political prisoners, and normal relations with the existing elite. Did I miss anything important?

BN: The most important thing is that, through joint efforts, I want to make Russia a peaceful and free country. A country that you and hundreds of thousands of others who left it can return to without fear. So that Russian citizens can travel around the world easily, preferably without visas. I’m not sure I can achieve that in my first term, but it will become easier over time.